Contents
- 1Introducing the Be Quiet! Pure Power 9 CM 600 W (L9-CM-600W)
- 1.1Packaging and accessories
- 2Connectors & cabling
- 2.1Casing & cooling
- 3Input filtering
- 4Primary side
- 4.1+5 V stand-by rail
- 5Secondary side
- 5.1Build quality
- 6Load testing
- 6.1Loading +5 V SB
- 6.2Voltage hold-up time
- 6.3Combined loading
- 6.4Combined loading ripple
- 6.5Crossloading, overloading
- 6.6Crossloading, overloading ripple
- 6.7Fan speed, temperatures and noise
- 7Conclusion and evaluation
- 7.1Thanks
- 7.2Discussion
Input filtering
The first stage of the input filtering inside the L9-CM-600W unit is an ordinary one. Once again we see the partially shielded receptacle, two ceramic Y capacitors and double-pole switch. The cabling leading to the board also goes through a ferrite ring.
Than there are two more Y capacitors (and fifth between the primary and secondary sides, two film X capacitors, two common mode chokes, a single differential choke, a varistor (by the fuse, almost hidden under silicone). Once again for this FSP platform, no varistor, there is a spot for thermistor, but only a wire jumper is used. Some component called “surge absorber” is used instead of varistor, though it is only in parallel with one of the coils and it basically looks like spark gap. Be Quiet specifies the “multiple protection” as that it can be triggered 200 times. Well, nothing really special over ordinary MOV. There is some kind of tiny SMD device on the soldering side which seems to be intelligent discharge IC for the X capacitors.
The X capacitors (between the live and neutral) and Y capacitors (between live and ground/neutral and ground) are used to filter out high-frequency ripple that emanates from the power grid. That is the noise of which manifests in the form of feedback from electronic devices which lack adequate filtering due to cost cutting. But also from devices where filtering was very difficult to implement (powerful devices, e.g. microwave ovens). It also prevents ripple from this unit itself from feeding back into the grid.
Chokes are used for the same reason, and together with the X/Y capacitors they form an input filter. Such filters are often made as one component, they may also be integrated together with AC receptacle. These components may also (partially) help to filter smaller voltage spikes in the power grid. To suppress more serious spikes (for example from distant lightning strikes hitting the power grid), the MOV (metal-oxide varistor) is used. Thermistor is then used to suppress current spikes when first connecting the unit to power (i.e. flipping the power switch).
The Y capacitors are also often situated between the high-voltage primary and the low-voltage secondary sides. These days, more Y capacitors are used even between primary common (ground after an input rectifier) and earth ground to suppress internal interference and keep it from getting to the secondary side. It is because really high-frequency ripple goes everywhere it can to some extent (including coupling through the insulation, metal casing etc…). That is also why the AC wires themselves are often inserted through the ferrite toroid inductor (to suppress such coupling).
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